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- Government
-
- Long-form name: Republic of Iceland.
-
- Type: republic.
-
- Capital: Reykjavik.
-
- Administrative divisions: 23 counties (syslar, singular--sysla)
- and 14 independent towns* (kaupstadar, singular--kaupstadur);
- Akranes*, Akureyri*, Arnessysla, Austur-Bardhastrandarsysla,
- Austur-Hunavatnssysla, Austur-Skaftafellssysla, Borgarfjardharsysla,
- Dalasysla, Eyjafjardharsysla, Gullbringusysla, Hafnarfjordhur*,
- Husavik*, Isafjordhur*, Keflavik*, Kjosarsysla, Kopavogur*,
- Myrasysla, Neskaupstadhur*, Nordhur-Isafjardharsysla,
- Nordhur-Mulasysla, Nordhur-Thingeyjarsysla, Olafsfjordhur*,
- Rangarvallasysla, Reykjavik*, Saudharkrokur*, Seydhisfjordhur*,
- Siglufjordhur*, Skagafjardharsysla, Snaefellsnes-og Hanppadalssysla,
- Strandasysla, Sudhur-Mulasysla, Sudhur-Thingeyjarsysla,
- Vestmannaeyjar*, Vestur-Bardhastrandarsysla, Vestur-Hunavatnssysla,
- Vestur-Isafjardharsysla, Vestur-Skaftafellssysla.
-
- Independence: 17 June 1944 (from Denmark).
-
- Constitution: 16 June 1944, effective 17 June 1944.
-
- Legal system: civil law system based on Danish law; does
- not accept compulsory ICJ jurisdiction.
-
- National holiday: Anniversary of the Establishment of the
- Republic, 17 June (1944).
-
- Executive branch: president, prime minister, Cabinet.
-
- Legislative branch: unicameral Parliament (Althing) with
- an Upper House (Efri Deild) and a Lower House (Nedri Deild).
-
- Judicial branch: Supreme Court (Haestirettur).
-
- Leaders:
-
- Chief of State--President Vigdis FINNBOGADOTTIR
- (since 1 August 1980);
-
- Head of Government--Prime Minister Steingrimur HERMANNSSON
- (since 28 September 1988).
-
- Political parties and leaders: Independence (conservative),
- Thorsteinn Palsson; Progressive, Steingrimur Hermannsson;
- Social Democratic, Jon Baldvin Hannibalsson; People's Alliance
- (left socialist), Olafur Ragnar Grimsson; Citizens Party
- (conservative nationalist), Julius Solnes; Women's List.
-
- Suffrage: universal at age 20.
-
- Elections:
-
- President--last held on 29 June 1980 (next scheduled for June
- 1992); results--there were no elections in 1984 and 1988 as
- President Vigdis Finnbogadottir was unopposed;
-
- Parliament--last held on 25 April 1987 (next to be held
- by 25 April 1991); results--Independence 27.2%, Progressive
- 18.9%, Social Democratic 15.2%, People's Alliance 13.4%,
- Citizens Party 10.9%, Womens List 10.1%, other 4.3%;
- seats--(63 total) Independence 18, Progressive 13, Social
- Democratic 10, People's Alliance 8, Citizens Party 7, Womens
- List 6, Regional Equality Platform 1.
-
- Communists: less than 100 (est.), some of whom participate
- in the People's Alliance.
-
- Member of: CCC, Council of Europe, EC (free trade agreement
- pending resolution of fishing limits issue), EFTA, FAO,
- GATT, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICES, IDA, IFC, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO,
- INTELSAT, INTERPOL, IPU, ITU, IWC--International Whaling
- Commission, NATO, Nordic Council, OECD, UN, UNESCO, UPU,
- WHO, WMO, WSG.
-
- Diplomatic representation: Ambassador Ingvi S. INGVARSSON;
- Chancery at 2022 Connecticut Avenue NW, Washington DC 20008;
- telephone (202) 265-6653 through 6655; there is an Icelandic
- Consulate General in New York; US--Ambassador Charles E. COBB;
- Embassy at Laufasvegur 21, Reykjavik (mailing address is FPO
- New York 09571-0001); telephone [354] (1) 29100.
-
- Flag: blue with a red cross outlined in white that extends
- to the edges of the flag; the vertical part of the cross
- is shifted to the hoist side in the style of the Dannebrog
- (Danish flag).
-